Deliverables

Due February 2022.

Due February 2022.

Disclaimer: This deliverable has not yet been reviewed by the European Commission.

The PAsCAL project aims to address all the issues and concerns that may delay the wide market uptake of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) and to enhance the general public’s acceptance of these vehicles. At the same time, the project also studies questions relating to the role of humans within the system, with special attention to vulnerable users, ranging from real-time driving control to long-term training needs for jobs. In order to facilitate the research process, the consortium partners will collect user-related data, as well as capture the public opinions and acceptance via a variety of channels.

Five different real-world pilots will be carried out to validate the project’s findings. A common set of specifications and requirements is necessary for the correct execution of these pilots and to ensure that the information collected is homogeneous and in line with the project’s objectives. This document describes the methodology devised to that end. Special attention to ethics issues and the needs of persons with disabilities and mobility constraints will be given in each pilot design.

The common pilot design will ensure that all pilots will be feasible, reliable, and will provide the necessary data to achieve the project’s objectives. Also, common issues need to be easily comparable across all pilots. To ensure a correct pilot execution, a common workplan has been designed, based on the pilot specifications. This common workplan must be used as a general guideline but will need to be adapted for each pilot’s needs.

This manual follows the general guidelines and recommendations proposed by the FESTA methodology, adapting it to the specific needs of PAsCAL’s type of research and objectives.

Qualitative and quantitative data from the pilots needs to be collected and made available so they are accessible to the involved partners. A common data protection policy has been drafted and will be used across all pilots to ensure that the data collection process complies with European law and policies. Deliverable D2.2 describes relevant guidelines, standards and principles that shall be followed by the consortium partners during the project as FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) and compliant.

Disclaimer: This deliverable has not yet been reviewed by the European Commission.

The PAsCAL project aims to address all the issues and concerns that may delay the wide market uptake of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) and to enhance the general public’s acceptance of these vehicles. At the same time, the project also studies questions relating to the role of humans within the system, with special attention to vulnerable users, ranging from real-time driving control to long-term training needs for jobs. In order to facilitate the research process, the consortium partners collect user-related data, as well as the public opinions and acceptance via a variety of channels.

Five different real-world pilots are carried out to validate the project’s findings. This document details their setup and explains in detail how these pilots are going to be performed to ensure their correct execution, making sure the information collected is homogeneous and in line with the project’s objectives. Furthermore, it can act as an orientation guide for future experimental pilot setups of autonomous or connected technologies, which do not exist today.

This document contains descriptions for each of the pilots being performed in the context of the PAsCAL project with thorough descriptions of the different scenarios taking place in each of the pilots as well as different specifications for the materials needed to perform the pilots, the staff members, the expected testers, and their accessibility needs in relation with the pilot. The pilot description also specifies the information that has to be collected regarding answers to the included questionnaires, per batch incident reports and contributions to dissemination activities. Lastly, the pilot setup includes a workplan detailing al the subtasks required for each pilot execution as well as the time slot when they are being performed.

The pilots explained in this project are: “High-capacity autonomous bus operations”, “Autonomous driving Training”, “Autonomous shuttle service”, “Shared connected transport”, and “Experience of vulnerable travellers with connected transport environment”.

A common pilot design defined in deliverable D6.1 is followed and further defined in order to obtain the most relevant and precise information to be analysed in future documents from the project.
 

The PAsCAL project aims to address all the issues and concerns that may delay the wide market uptake of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) and to enhance the general public’s acceptance of these vehicles. At the same time, the project also studies questions relating to the role of humans within the system, with special attention to vulnerable users, ranging from real-time driving control to long-term training needs for professional drivers.

Five different real-world pilots have been carried out to validate the project’s findings and explore the acceptance of CAVs under real-world conditions. This document details how these pilots were carried out, and the conclusions that can be extracted from the information collected during the pilots. It can also serve as a guide on the structure and execution of pilots or Field Operational Tests (FOTs) of connected and/or automated vehicles, including various different kinds of user groups and further the management of such pilots during the COVID-19 health crisis. 

Finally, it contains a brief overview over the data collection processes as well as a short data analysis and the most interesting preliminary conclusions derived from the pilots, which will be further extended in WP7.

Commission approval ongoing.

The main aim of the PASCAL project is to create the Guide2Autonomy that will improve the understanding of the implications of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) on society as well as educate their future drivers, passengers and those who will have to share the road with them.

This deliverable D7.1 “Impact areas and paths” identifies the different impact areas and pathways that allows us to assess the impacts in the different areas such as from the perspective of the human individual, wider public acceptance and societal needs, including vulnerable groups. It will lay the basis for an indicator based impact assessment framework to be developed in task 7.2. Gaps are defined for which further research is needed and to which PAsCAL will partly be able to contribute.

The document will allow researchers to adopt a more human centred approach in their research evaluations and provide to policy makers a better understanding of how they can bring the different societal needs into the development and debate on the future of CAV.

Until now, there is little academic research that focusses on the behavioural and associated social and societal impacts of CAVs (less than 6%) of the total research. On the basis of the PAsCAL literature research different human and societal impact areas were identified that can be classified as follow:

• Features of CAV technology and services, including where potential behavioural factors (i.e. motivators and barriers) are at stake;
• Perceptions of individuals (e.g. users, drivers, pilots, cyclists), acceptance of technology and willingness to use CAVs;
• Impact areas related to the specific needs of vulnerable groups (e.g. elderly, impaired, children), including a spatial division between urban and rural areas; and finally
• wider societal impact areas.

The following scheme presents the PAsCAL impact areas and paths identified and how they influence each other (see Annex 1 for details).

Commission approval ongoing.

The goal of WP7 is to assess the long-term impact of connected- and autonomous vehicles-related solutions developed in PAsCAL and to contribute to the structure of the Guide2Autonomy. D7.2 in this context provides an overview over indicators and methodologies that can be employed both within PAsCAL as well as beyond.

The document lists indicators that will measure progress in a variety of contexts and settings, across a variety of solutions and maturity levels. Primarily, CAV user-related acceptance indicators will be covered, strongly interrelated to the document structure in D7.1, where “willingness to use/adopt”, “willingness to pay”, “willingness to let others use” as well as “changes in mobility patterns” were concepts discussed for the main framework. These are supported by indicators targeting factors such as “perceived risk”, “perceived ease of use”, “perceived quality of travel”, “perceived usefulness”, general attitudes and ergonomic and human factors.

Beyond these, acceptance by road co-users such as pedestrians and bicyclists are discussed, and acceptance by other stakeholders such as local authorities, business and producers. A particular focus is laid on the needs and requirements of vulnerable user groups, and how their perspectives can be taken into consideration, including the availability of solutions to them, their adequacy in the context, accessibility and affordability, as well as social inclusion and of course human dignity and ethics.

Finally, the document takes a higher-level abstract perspective and considers indicators that should be measured for a society wide standpoint, such as changes in overall journey times, network capacity, transport mode shifts, impacts on safety and security overall, socioeconomic impacts, indicators for quality of life and public awareness, and the overall concept of public acceptance.

A wide range of academic and grey literature as well as previous EU grantsupported projects are taken into consideration to collect this overview of indicators, and where little previous research exists, new indicators are developed within PAsCAL.

Due July 2022.

Due July 2022.