
Enhance driver behaviour and Public Acceptance of Connected and Autonomous vehicLes
PAsCAL is an international project aimed to develop a multidimensional map of public acceptance of higher levels of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV), pointing out any critical issues on the matter, particularly investigating the new “driver” needs considering different modes and mobility services. PAsCAL’s goal is to create a “Guide2Autonomy” (G2A), a set of guidelines and recommendations aimed at accelerating the user-friendly evolution of connected automated vehicles and transport systems.
Latest news
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March 2022
PAsCAL Autonomous Bus Line: Conclusions and Learnings
EventEtelätär Innovation invites you to join the final event of a pilot exploring the acceptance of L4 autonomous vehicles in mixed traffic online and free of charge. The pilot explored both the perception of vehicle passengers as well as co-road users of the vehicle.
We share not only the experience and insight we have gathered of 3 seperate pilot waves over 6 months and involving more than 200 individual participants, but also the key conclusions of our research.
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March 2022
PAsCAL at TeaP 2022
EventNext March 22nd, Tobias Vogel of the University of Mannheim will present the results of the PAsCA project surveys at the TeaP 2022 (Tagung experimentell arbeitender Psycholog:innen; Conference of Experimental Psychologists) The TeaP is a well-known psychological research conference of junior and senior scientists from different fields of Experimental Psychology (e.g., cognitive, social, developmental, biological, clinical, educational, media, or economic psychology as well as other applications… -
NewsMarch 2022
PAsCAL presents Pilot 2 results
News postOn March 17th, PAsCAL presented in the online event "Autonomous driving: are you ready for it?" the main results of Pilot 2, dedicated to driving training.
Please find the recording of the workshop here and the presentations attached to this news.
Latest papers
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June 2021
Consequences of autonomous vehicles: Ambivalent expectations and their impact on acceptance
Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are within reach of widespread deployment on public roads, but public perceptions are ambivalent. The objective of the present research was to assess expectations about the consequences of CAV introduction. These expectations should explain CAV acceptance, but their relative importance is poorly understood. We conducted a survey with a representatively drawn panel sample (N = 529) from France, Germany, Italy, and the UK. The survey consisted of a large item pool of expected consequences from CAV introduction, as well as general and affective evaluation of CAVs, ease of use, and behavioral intention to use CAVs. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four facets of expected consequences: road safety, privacy, efficiency and ecological sustainability. On average, expectations were mostly positive for ecological sustainability and safety, but negative for privacy. At the same time, substantial variance existed between respondents and between countries. For safety and efficiency, improvement was expected by a third of respondents, while another third expected worsening. Respondents from Italy expected more positive consequences for safety, while respondents from both France and Germany expected more negative consequences for privacy. To different degrees, all four facets predicted the intention to use CAVs in a structural equation model, primarily via affective evaluations. For policy makers, manufacturers, and service providers, understanding the trade-offs inherent to different CAV solutions will be central to ensure citizens’ needs are respected.
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November 2020
Legal issues in automated vehicles: critically considering the potential role of consent and interactive digital interfaces
Some of the first ‘automated’ vehicles to be deployed on our roads will require a system of shared driving with a human driver. While this creates technical and operational challenges, the law must also facilitate such a transfer. One method may be to obtain the driver’s consent to share operational responsibility and to delineate legal responsibility between vehicle and driver in the event of an accident. Consent is a voluntary agreement where an individual is aware of the potential consequences of their consent, including the risks. The driver of a partially automated vehicle must be informed of potential risks before giving consent to share operational responsibility. This paper will refer to the inherent dangers associated with shared operational responsibility, in particular where there has been a request for the driver to take back control from the automated vehicle during the journey. Drivers are likely to experience delay in regaining situational awareness, making such operational transfers hazardous. It is argued that where an interactive digital interface is used to convey information, such as driver responsibility, risk and legal terms, drivers may fail to sufficiently process such communications due to fundamental weaknesses in human–machine interaction. The use of an interactive digital interface alone may be inadequate to effectively communicate information to drivers. If the problems identified are not addressed, it is argued that driver consent may be inconsequential, and fail to facilitate a predicable demarcation of legal responsibility between automated vehicles and drivers. Ongoing research into automated vehicle driver training is considered as part of the preparation required to design driver education to a level whereby drivers may be able to sufficiently understand the responsibilities involved in operating a partially automated vehicle, which has implications for future driver training, licensing and certification.
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July 2020
Ambivalence in stakeholders’ views on connected and autonomous vehicles
Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are often discussed as a solution to pressing issues of the current transport systems, including congestion, safety, social inclusion and ecological sustainability. Scientifically, there is agreement that CAVs may solve, but can also aggravate these issues, depending on the specific CAV solution. In the current paper, we investigate the visions and worst-case scenarios of various stakeholders, including representatives of public administrations, automotive original equipment manufacturers, insurance com-panies, public transportation service providers, mobility experts and politicians. A qualitative analysis of 17 semi-structured interviews is presented. It reveals experts’ ambivalence towards the introduction of CAVs, reflecting high levels of uncertainty about CAV consequences, including issues of efficiency, comfort and sustainability, and concerns about co-road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. Implications of the sluggishness of policymakers to set boundary conditions and for the labor market are discussed. An open debate between policymakers, citi-zens and other stakeholders on how to introduce CAVs seems timely.
Latest press releases
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April 2022
Automated high-capacity public transport buses: more efficiency, more safety and more comfort is not sufficient for passenger acceptance
So what is it that passengers need to prefer Public Transport? The answer comes from experiments carried out in Luxembourg -
April 2022
The role of ACI in the PAsCAL project
Experience, networks and facilities provided to the PAsCAL project to improve understanding, acceptance and transition to the use of CAVs -
April 2022
The role of LIST in the PAsCAL project
Experience, networks and technologies provided to the PAsCAL project to improve understanding, acceptance and transition to the use of CAVs